Clinical-Histopathological Profile and Predictors of Survival among Iraqi Patients with Primary Lung Cancer
Keywords:
Lung cancer, Primary, Clinical, Histopathology, Mortality, Survival, PredictorsAbstract
Background: Lung cancer represents one of the significant leading causes of death and a challenging problem for surgeons, pulmonologists, oncologists and internal medicine Specialists. In Iraq, lung cancer is currently a significant challenge and fatal disease with low survival rates. Nonetheless, few Iraqi studies assessed the survival rates and outcomes.
Objective: To study the clinical and Histopathological Profile of Lung Cancer, estimate the survival rates and the Predictors of survival among lung cancer Iraqi patients.
Methodology: This retrospective cross-sectional study included medical records of patients registered with lung cancer during the years 2021-2025. The available full patients’ files were selected from the governmental hospitals, private hospitals and private clinics of the researchers. The included data were the registries of 88 patients with proved lung cancers and registered during the years 2021-2025.
Results: Lung cancer was more frequent in patients older than 60 years. Maale to female ratio was 2.5:1.0, smokers/Ex-smokers contributed for >60%. Adenocarcinoma was found in 39.8% and squamous cell carcinomas in 29.5% and they were the commonest types. Among the patients, 34.1% presented at stage III and IV. The cumulative mortality rate at the 36 months was 100%. The one-year, two-year and 3-year survival rates were 22.8%, 2.5% and 1.3%, respectively.
Conclusion: The survival of patients with lung cancer was low and none of the patients survived beyond 3 years. The main predictors of better survival were younger age, female gender, non-smoking, no comorbidities, earlier stage at diagnosis, non-small cell carcinoma type, localized lesion, smaller tumor size and combined treatment modality. We recommend conducting further studies with larger sample size and multiple centers for further assessment
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