Factors Contributing to Mortality in Hospitalized Heart Failure Patients

Abstract

Background: Heart Failure (HF) is a persistent and progressive cardiac condition that hinders the heart's ability to adequately circulate blood, resulting in insufficient supply of oxygen and nutrients to other organs. The condition can occur at any age, however the likelihood of experiencing it rises with age. Objective: to assess the factors contributing to mortality in hospitalized heart failure patients.

Patients and methods: Data base study which is included all hospitalized patients recorded with primary diagnosis of heart failure (HF) in our hospitals in Baghdad city for 2 years duration in the period from 2020-2022, with in the age 20 years and over.

Results: The main age group was in between 50-60 years (25.1%), and female (53.7%) were more than male (46.3%) with female to male ratio = 1.16:1. Arrhythmia were found in 53.7% of the patients, while long QTc were presented in 38.8% of them. 63 (24.7%) were dead and female represented in (61%) while male was represented (39%), Patients diagnosed with heart failure and subsequently admitted with problems had a 5.13-fold increased likelihood of mortality compared to those without difficulties. Patients who do not have cardiogenic shock had a 98.7% lower probability of death related to patients complicated by cardiogenic shock. Those who presented with an ejection fraction ranging from 30%–50% had an 89% lower likelihood of mortality associated to patients with an ejection percentage of ≤30.

Conclusion: prevalence of HF in female were more than male, and the female sex alone does not constitute a factor associated with higher in-hospital lethality, but the observed excess risk is related to at his oldest age.