Application of Ultraviolet Laser Therapy in the Diagnosis and Comprehensive Management of Colonic Inflammatory Disorders

Abstract

Diagnosis and treatment of patients with inflammatory diseases of the colon, which include nonspecific ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, remain one of the most pressing and challenging problems in clinical coloproctology. Despite the long history of research, the etiology of IBD remains unknown, and the pathogenesis is insufficiently studied. Due to the lack of a clear understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis, treatment of patients with IBD is imperfect and often ineffective. This leads to the development of severe, life-threatening complications, the formation of treatment-resistant forms of the disease, loss of ability to work, and disability in young people. In addition, 20.9% of patients with nonspecific ulcerative colitis and 54.9% with Crohn's disease develop complications that require surgical intervention. Moreover, postoperative mortality, especially in the group of patients with nonspecific ulcerative colitis, shows no significant downward trend, reaching 8.5% - 33.7%. All this explains the widespread interest of proctologists, gastroenterologists, and surgeons in the problem of diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory diseases of the colon. The arsenal of diagnostic methods for nonspecific ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease has not expanded significantly over the past decades and is still based mainly on X-ray examinations and endoscopy. In the treatment of patients with inflammatory diseases of the colon, the issues of adequate correction of severe homeostasis disorders, endogenous intoxication syndrome, prevention of postoperative complications, as well as local therapy of IBD, which has so far been limited to the use of therapeutic microclysters and rectal suppositories remain unresolved.